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1.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 45(6): 537-545, June 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622780

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyze the alterations of arm and leg movements of patients during stroke gait. Joint angles of upper and lower limbs and spatiotemporal variables were evaluated in two groups: hemiparetic group (HG, 14 hemiparetic men, 53 ± 10 years) and control group (CG, 7 able-bodied men, 50 ± 4 years). The statistical analysis was based on the following comparisons (P ≤ 0.05): 1) right versus left sides of CG; 2) affected (AF) versus unaffected (UF) sides of HG; 3) CG versus both the affected and unaffected sides of HG, and 4) an intracycle comparison of the kinematic continuous angular variables between HG and CG. This study showed that the affected upper limb motion in stroke gait was characterized by a decreased range of motion of the glenohumeral (HG: 6.3 ± 4.5, CG: 20.1 ± 8.2) and elbow joints (AF: 8.4 ± 4.4, UF: 15.6 ± 7.6) on the sagittal plane and elbow joint flexion throughout the cycle (AF: 68.2 ± 0.4, CG: 46.8 ± 2.7). The glenohumeral joint presented a higher abduction angle (AF: 14.2 ± 1.6, CG: 11.5 ± 4.0) and a lower external rotation throughout the cycle (AF: 4.6 ± 1.2, CG: 22.0 ± 3.0). The lower limbs showed typical alterations of the stroke gait patterns. Thus, the changes in upper and lower limb motion of stroke gait were identified. The description of upper limb motion in stroke gait is new and complements gait analysis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arm/physiology , Gait/physiology , Leg/physiology , Paresis/physiopathology , Stroke/physiopathology , Anatomic Landmarks , Biomechanical Phenomena , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Movement/physiology , Range of Motion, Articular , Statistics, Nonparametric , Shoulder Joint/physiopathology
2.
Fisioter. pesqui ; 19(2): 165-170, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-644517

ABSTRACT

A hanseníase é uma patologia crônica e granulomatosa, que atinge a pele e o sistema nervoso periférico pela invasão no sistema imune do Mycobacterium leprae. O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar o ângulo articular do cotovelo com a aplicação do teste de tensão neural do nervo ulnar em pacientes com hanseníase. Na aplicação do teste de tensão neural, foram utilizadas a goniometria e a fotometria para a mensuração do ângulo articular do cotovelo, sendo que para a realização da fotometria foi utilizada uma câmera Samsung de 12.1 Mega pixels, e os dados foram analisados pelo software Corel Draw X5 (Microsoft®). Foram selecionados 44 indivíduos da Fundação Pró-Hansen, com média de idade de 48,13±12,55 anos, divididos em três grupos: G1, G2 e G3. O G1 compreende voluntários com hanseníase e sensibilidade preservada; o G2, aqueles com hanseníase e com perda de sensibilidade; e o G3, o controle. Na goniometria, foi encontrada diferença significativa (p<0,05) na comparação dos grupos G1 e G2 com o controle tanto do membro direito quanto esquerdo, porém não foi encontrada diferença na comparação entre os dois grupos com hanseníase. Na fotometria, houve diferença entre G2 e o controle bilateralmente e entre o G1 e o controle no lado esquerdo. Comparando-se o lado direito e esquerdo, não foi encontrada diferença em nenhum grupo. Os pacientes com hanseníase apresentaram diminuição da ADM de flexão de cotovelo no teste de tensão neural do ulnar em ambos os lados quando comparados ao grupo controle.


Leprosy is a chronic and granulomatous disease, which affects skin and peripheral nervous system by invasion of Mycobacterium leprae in the immune system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ulnar neural tension test in leprosy patients. In applying the test of neural tension, it was done goniometry and photometry to measure the angle of the elbow joint, and to perform the photometry we used a Samsung camera, 12.1 Mega pixels, and the data were analyzed using Corel Draw Software X5 (Microsoft®). We selected 44 individuals of Pro-Hansen Foundation, with an average age of 48.13±12.55 years, divided in three groups: G1, G2 and G3. G1 consisted of leprosy volunteers with preserved sensibility; the G2, the ones with leprosy and with no sensibility; and G3 was control group. In goniometry, it was found significant difference (p<0.05) when comparing the G1 and G2 with control of both the right and left limb, but no difference was found when comparing the two leprosy groups. In photometry, it was found difference between G2 and the control and bilaterally between the G1 and control on the left side. Comparing the right and left limbs, difference was not found in any group. Patients with leprosy showed a decrease in range of movement of elbow flexion in ulnar neural tension test in both sides when compared to the control group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Biometry , Control Groups , Leprosy/diagnosis , Leprosy/pathology , Patient Care Team , Peripheral Nervous System , Physical Therapy Modalities , Range of Motion, Articular
3.
Motriz rev. educ. fís. (Impr.) ; 18(2): 319-326, abr.-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-644552

ABSTRACT

Extensively unilateral recruitment for daily activities may determine performance asymmetries in favor of the preferred side eliciting functional adaptation. Our study evaluated asymmetries in elbow torque output between preferred and non-preferred limbs. Eighteen subjects performed maximal elbow flexor and extensor isometric contractions at five different elbow joint angles (0º, 30º, 60º, 90º, 120º) and five different angular velocities (60, 120, 180, 240, 300º.s-1) on an isokinetic dynamometer. Higher flexor torque in favor of preferred arm was observed at 90º of flexion (p<0.05), which also corresponded to the highest torque produced (p<0.05). The fact that joint angle influenced torque asymmetries, whereas angular velocity did not, suggest that the observed asymmetry is likely related to preferential recruitment of elbow flexors at a 90º joint angle for daily tasks requiring high levels of force production. Muscle functional adaptation to frequent stimuli at this joint angle in healthy subjects may explain these results.


O frequente recrutamento unilateral de membros superiores pode determinar assimetrias de desempenho em favor do lado preferido, resultando em adaptação funcional. Assimetrias no torque gerado pelos músculos do cotovelo entre o membro preferido e não-preferido foram avaliadas. Dezoito sujeitos realizaram contrações máximas de flexo-extensão do cotovelo em cinco ângulos articulares (0º, 30º, 60º, 90º, 120º) e cinco velocidades angulares (60, 120, 180, 240, 300º.s-1) em um dinamômetro isocinético. Torque flexor mais elevado em favor do lado preferido foi encontrado no ângulo de 90º (p<0,05), que também correspondeu ao ângulo de maior torque (p<0,05). O fato de o ângulo articular determinar assimetrias no torque (enquanto a velocidade angular não) sugere que o recrutamento preferencial dos flexores do cotovelo em um ângulo de 90º nas tarefas da vida diária que requerem força elevada é responsável pela assimetria. Adaptação funcional a estímulos frequentes nesse ângulo articular pode explicar esses resultados em sujeitos saudáveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Biomechanical Phenomena , Functional Laterality , Torque
4.
Motriz rev. educ. fís. (Impr.) ; 18(1): 55-62, jan.-mar. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-645714

ABSTRACT

A quantidade de torque aplicado na articulação é uma medida de aptidão física importante para crianças com paralisia cerebral. O presente estudo analisou parâmetros cinéticos na articulação do cotovelo em crianças saudáveis e com paralisia cerebral. Participaram 10 crianças com paralisia cerebral e 10 crianças sem comprometimento neurológico. Avaliou-se a média do pico de torque, média do ângulo do pico de torque, coeficiente de variação do torque e aceleração angular do movimento de flexo-extensão do cotovelo nas velocidades com um dinamômetro isocinético. A média de pico de torque (extensão), aceleração (flexão) e coeficiente de variação (flexão e extensão) são diferentes entre grupos. Conclui-se que o torque e aceleração sofreram interferências no movimento de flexo-extensão; as principais diferenças encontradas foram entre os extremos das velocidades; não houve diferenças no ângulo do pico de torque. A espasticidade não interferiu na força dos músculos agonistas do movimento de flexão da articulação do cotovelo.


The joint torque is an important variable related to children with cerebral palsy. The present study analyzed kinetic parameters during elbow flexion and extension movements in healthy and cerebral palsy children. Ten healthy and 10 cerebral palsy children participated of the study. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure the elbow mean peak torque, mean angle peak torque, coefficient of variation and acceleration during flexion and extension movements at different angular speeds. The mean peak torque on extension movement in healthy children group was significant higher compared to the cerebral palsy group. The coefficient of variation on both flexion and extension movements was significantly higher in cerebral palsy group. However there were significantly difference on both groups compared the lowest and highest velocities. Although the results showed no difference in flexor peak torque, the acceleration is significantly lower in lowest and highest angular velocity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Cerebral Palsy/physiopathology , Biomechanical Phenomena
5.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 84(2): 130-135, Mar.-Apr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480597

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil de mobilidade articular e das forças de garra e de pinça de indivíduos com MPS VI, além de sua correlação com a excreção urinária de glicosaminoglicanos, atividade da ARSB e distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional de 28 pacientes com MPS VI, não submetidos a tratamento específico. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados em relação à amplitude da mobilidade articular, forças de garra e de pinça, excreção urinária de glicosaminoglicanos, atividade da ARSB e teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. RESULTADOS: Demonstrou-se maior comprometimento de flexão de ombro, sem correlação com a idade, e da extensão de joelho e flexão de cotovelo, estas últimas correlacionadas negativamente com a idade. A força de garra mostrou-se comprometida em todos os pacientes, e a força de pinça apresentou correlação positiva com idade. CONCLUSÕES: A restrição da flexão de ombro, sem correlação com a idade, sugere que este achado esteja presente precocemente na MPS VI e se constitua em sinal clínico importante para suspeita diagnóstica desta doença. A amplitude da extensão de joelho e da flexão de cotovelo, por sua vez, por apresentarem correlação negativa com a idade, são possíveis marcadores da evolução da doença. Estudos adicionais são necessários para confirmação dessas hipóteses.


OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of joint mobility and grip and pinch strength of MPS VI patients and to correlate this with urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), ARSB activity, and the distance covered in a 6-minute walking test (6MWT). METHODS: This was an observational study of 28 patients with MPS VI, who had not undergone specific treatment. All patients were assessed for amplitude of joint mobility (shoulder, elbow, and knee), grip and pinch strength and urinary GAG excretion and also performed the 6MWT. RESULTS: Shoulder flexion exhibited the greatest limitation, with no correlation with age, followed by knee extension and elbow flexion, both of which were correlated inversely with age. Hand grip strength was compromised in all patients, and pinch strength exhibited a positive correlation with age. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that restricted shoulder flexion was not correlated with age suggests that this finding is present early on in MPS VI and that it constitutes an important clinical sign that should arouse diagnostic suspicion of this disease. The amplitude of knee extension and elbow flexion, in turn, are possible markers of disease progression since they have a negative correlation with age. Further studies are needed to confirm these hypotheses.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Hand Strength/physiology , Joint Instability/physiopathology , Mucopolysaccharidosis VI/physiopathology , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Glycosaminoglycans/urine , Joint Instability/diagnosis , Joint Instability/etiology , Knee Joint/physiopathology , Mucopolysaccharidosis VI/complications , Mucopolysaccharidosis VI/metabolism , /blood , Reference Values , Shoulder Joint/physiopathology
7.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 2005 May-Jun; 71(3): 192-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-52976

ABSTRACT

Disabling pansclerotic morphea is a rare atrophying and sclerosing disorder of the subcutaneous tissue, muscle and bone. It is characterized by atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous fat, muscle and bone involving half of the face. In some patients the atrophic lesions extend to involve the ipsilateral or contralateral upper and lower limbs with radiological evidence of hemiatrophy. The patients may present with arthralgia, convulsions or cramps. We report a case of a woman with deformity of face, and left upper and lower limbs that had started as an indurated plaque on the left half of forehead at the age of 5 years and had gradually enlarged, followed by the development of atrophic changes in left eye. The case is being reported in view of its rare occurrence.


Subject(s)
Adult , Contracture/diagnosis , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Facial Hemiatrophy/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Prognosis , Risk Assessment , Scleroderma, Localized/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index
8.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 13(4): 331-4, jul.-ago. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-266360

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una evaluación retrospectiva en pacientes con diagnóstico de artritis traumática del codo a quienes se les realizó una artroplastía de interposición con resección mínima ósea como tratamiento para restaurar la función de la articulación en el periodo comprendido de mayo de 1995 a septiembre de 1997. Se incluyeron 10 pacientes 7 hombres y 3 mujeres con edades de 51 a 65 años, promedio 41.9, con afección predominante del codo derecho en 70 por ciento de los casos, con tiempo promedio de la lesión de 6.9 meses, con rigidez del codo en extensión en el 90 por ciento de los casos y un seguimiento postoperatorio promedio de 6.4 meses. La indicación quirúrgica se determinó de acuerdo con el grado de incapacidad funcional más que al grado de la sintomatología dolorosa. De acuerdo con la valoración funcional obtuvimos buenos resultados en el 60 por ciento de los casos, 30 por ciento regulares y 10 por ciento de malos resultados. Las complicaciones principales obtenidas fueron una dehiscencia de la herida quirúrgica en una paciente, una recidiva de la rigidez articular del codo en otro de los pacientes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Arm Injuries/surgery , Arm Injuries/complications , Arthritis/etiology , Arthroplasty , Elbow Joint/physiopathology
9.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 13(4): 335-7, jul.-ago. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-266361

ABSTRACT

Se presenta una serie de 20 casos, (12 del sexo masculino y 6 del femenino) con fractura conminuta del olécranon, tratados de abril de 1990 a abril de 1995. Se operaron para efectuarles osteosíntesis que permitiera una movilización precoz. Hubo consolidación satisfactoria en 17 de los 18 pacientes. La máxima flexión obtenida en promedio fue de 34.1 grados y la extensión de 27.7. Solamente hubo un caso de pseudoartrosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Ulna Fractures/surgery , Ulna Fractures/rehabilitation , Fractures, Comminuted/surgery , Fractures, Comminuted/rehabilitation , Elbow Joint/surgery , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Elbow Joint/injuries , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Fracture Fixation, Internal/rehabilitation , Biomechanical Phenomena
10.
Rev. mex. ortop. traumatol ; 13(4): 368-70, jul.-ago. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-266369

ABSTRACT

Se trata de paciente masculino de 39 años de edad que sufrió accidente automovilístico, presentando fracturas en varios niveles de la economía, siendo expuesta la del codo, tipo III de Gustilo y Anderson, la cual fue sometida a lavado quirúrgico y tracción esquelética tronsolecraneana por un lapso de una semana en otro hospital. Posteriormente se realizó osteosíntesis con placa de reconstrucción, tornillos y clavos de Steinman, los cuales fueron retirados a los 6 mese por presentar dolor y radiológicamente pseudoartrosis, por lo que le colocaron fijadores externos con aplicación de injerto óseo de la cresta iliaca, los cuales fueron retirados a los 3 meses por continuar presentando pseudoartrosis. Ingreso a nuestro con flexión de 0º, pronosupinación de 0º. El hombro, muñeca y mano tanían arcos de movimiento y fuerza muscular normales, radiológicamente se encontró pseudoartrosis de la epífisis distal del húmero con reabsorción ósea en la metáfisis y con la tróclea fija al cúbito por medio de un clavo de Steinman delgado, se sometió a cirugía colocándole una prótesis total de codo en bisagra del tipo totalmente restringida, reinsertándose el tríceps al olécranon; se inició la rehabilitación inmediata y se valoró cada semana. Después de dos meses de operado presenta un flexión de 100º, extensión de 0º, pronosupinación de 80º, con un resultado según el sistema de Morrey y col., como bueno


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Fractures, Bone/rehabilitation , Joint Prosthesis
11.
Minoufia Medical Journal. 1995; 7 (Supp. 1): 93-107
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-38738
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-40774

ABSTRACT

The medial rotation deformity of the distal humerus usually exists in the cubitus varus deformity but has received little attention. Study of this deformity in 29 cases of cubitus varus was carried out using the osteotomized bony specimens that were removed during closed wedge osteotomy in order to determine the actual bone deformity. The average duration of the varus deformity was 5.6 yrs (range 1 to 11). The medial rotation deformity of the distal humerus averaged 27 degrees (range 15 to 45). There was no correlation between the degree of rotation and that of the varus deformity (correlation coefficient r = 0.15). The affected-side shoulder compensated well in both internal and external rotation, and had a greater arc of rotation than that of the normal side. The affected-side shoulder exhibited an internal rotation deformity with an average of 16 degrees (range 5 to 25), with restriction of external rotation of only 13 degrees (range 0 to 20) in comparison to normal side shoulder.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Humeral Fractures/complications , Humerus/physiopathology , Joint Deformities, Acquired/etiology , Male , Middle Aged , Range of Motion, Articular , Rotation
14.
New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The]. 1992; 7 (2): 495-501
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-25735

ABSTRACT

Fractures around the elbow represent one of the most common fractures in the growing skeleton. The incidence of fractures and trauma cases attending Suez-Canal Hospitals was 67% of the trauma cases. The aim of this work was to determine the incidence of fractures around the elbow in children attended Suez-Canal Hospitals during one year and to evaluate the results of different methods of treatment and its impact on the fracture management. 108 cases during this period constituted the material of this study, 90 patients attended the final follow up ranging from one to six months after healing. Sixty cases [62%] had supra condylar fractures, 43 cases had undisplaced or minimally displaced fractures, 17 cases were presented with displaced fractures. All were manipulated under general anesthesia and immobilized in above elbow posterior slab in flexion. Satisfactory results were obtained in 93% of all cases


Subject(s)
Humans , Elbow Joint/physiopathology
15.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 24(8): 279-80, ago. 1989.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-80204

ABSTRACT

A pronaçäo dolorosa, apesar de ser freqüente afecçäo traumática que acomete a articulaçäo do cotovelo de crianças, possui alguns aspectos de sua fisiopatologia que ainda näo foram bem explicados. O estudo anatômico e histológico da articulaçäo radioulnar proximal revelou que a fisiopatologia da pronaçäo dolorosa pode ser explicada por um movimento de pronaçäo máxima do rádio sobre a ulna, levando a uma distensäo do complexo capsuloligamentar do cotovelo


Subject(s)
Humans , Elbow Joint/physiopathology , Pain/etiology , Pronation
16.
J Postgrad Med ; 1981 Jul; 27(3): 194-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-116268
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